TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFICIENCY OF CAST IRON PRODUCTS
Procesi littâ, 2024, Vol 1 (155), 72-80
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/plit2024.01.072Keywords:
foundry, brake pads, cast iron, composite materials, standards, specifications, prices, economy, ecology, efficiencyAbstract
On the example of comparing the quality and performance characteristics of brake pads for rolling stock made of cast iron and composite material (rubber-asbestos and rubber-asbestos mixture), the technical and economic indicators of foundry products are analysed. The use of brake pads made of composite materials leads to an increase in damage to the rolling surface of railway wheels and necessitates additional maintenance and routine repair of wheel sets. The cost of additional maintenance of wheels, regrinding their rolling surface to remove defects leads to a deterioration in the economic performance of the railway. These works require the use of specialist labour and the availability of the necessary equipment for mounting and dismounting and resharpening wheel sets. The labour costs for these works and the reduction in the service life of expensive railway wheels must be taken into account when comprehensively assessing and comparing the technical and economic efficiency of brake pads made by casting from cast iron or any other materials, including composite materials. Equipping the friction element of composite pads with cast iron inserts indicates the advantages of cast iron over composite rubber compounds in terms of ensuring the optimal temperature regime of the wheel-pad system. The article shows the dynamics of price growth for brake pads made of cast iron and composite material. Prices for brake pads made of composite material with cast iron inserts are more than twice as high as the price of cast iron pads. A comprehensive technical and economic assessment of the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of railway brake pads should also take into account the costs and losses indirectly associated with the harmfulness to human health and the environment of the wear products of toxic composite pads. Standards and technical specifications for brake pads that do not regulate the chemical composition of the friction material do not comply with Ukrainian law and are therefore illegitimate.
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